Saturday afternoon concurrent sessions #01

Tracks
Ballroom 1
Saturday, April 27, 2019
1:30 PM - 3:00 PM

Speaker

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Prof Anna Chur-Hansen
2019 Health Committee

The evidence for the role of companion and therapy animals in human psychological and physical health.

1:30 PM - 2:00 PM

Abstract

Introduction: Companion animals, such as dogs, cats, rabbits, birds and horses, are included in numerous households across the world. For many, such animals hold the status of a family member, and are afforded similar privileges accordingly. Since the 1980’s in psychology and other disciplines, including anthrozoology, researchers have striven to produce the empirical evidence to substantiate the firmly held belief that “pets are good for us”, in part because of their role as family member and thus, a source of social support. Furthermore, animals are often argued to have utility in psychotherapeutic settings and a number of clinicians and researchers assert that this is beneficial.

Objective: In this presentation I will review the evidence base for assertions that companion animals are beneficial to human health. I will consider this from methodological perspectives, as well as considering the evidence of efficacy in clinical applications. I will focus on animals in households who are “pets”, and therapy animals, such as horses used for riding. The mutual benefit to the animal will be touched upon, as well as the issue of human and animal welfare, as these are matters that are not always considered in research or clinical practice. I will draw on my own research with my colleagues as well as more broadly.

Purpose: The presentation aims to generate discussion, reflection, and further research about how to advocate for people and their pets and companion animals, drawing on sound evidence to argue for – or against – the role of animals in human psychological and physical health.

Biography

Professor Anna Chur-Hansen is a Registered Psychologist with Endorsement in Health, and a Fellow of the Australian Psychological Society's College of Health Psychologists. In October 2013 she left the School of Medicine Discipline of Psychiatry, when she was employed since 1987, to become the Head of the School of Psychology. She holds a PhD in Medical Education. Her research is principally in Health Professional Education and Health Psychology. In the latter area she has a particular interest in companion animals and human mental and physical health.
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Prof Marita McCabe

Eating Disorders and Related Behaviours Across the Lifespan: What Do We Know About Males

2:00 PM - 2:30 PM

Abstract

Aim: This paper will discuss a series of studies that examined the nature of eating disorders, use of steroids and food supplements, as well as exercise dependence among boys and men.

Message: A biopsychosocial model of disordered eating was used to organise the literature around disordered eating and strategies to increase muscles among boys and men. The role of biological (pubertal timing, BMI), sociocultural influences (parents, peers, media) and psychological (depression, negative affect, anxiety, impulsivity) factors in predicting the above behaviours were investigated. The nature of changes over the lifespan were also examined.

Results: The findings indicated that the focus on the body as well as the nature of the biopsychosocial factors associated with body change behaviours vary across the lifespan. Parents (both mothers and fathers) play an important role during childhood and adolescence, whereas peers are more important for adult men. Messages from the media play an important role throughout the lifespan. Since males are focused on a lean muscular body, they are at risk of developing eating disorders as well as health risk behaviours associated with greater muscularity.

Discussion: Males across the lifespan are at risk of developing eating disorders, exercise dependence, as well as health risk behaviours related to increased muscularity. Since most assessment measures have been developed for females, it is likely that eating related behaviours will be underreported and so many of the problem behaviours will be under-detected and not treated among males. There needs to be a greater recognition of eating disorders and related behaviours among males so that prevention and early intervention of these conditions can occur.

Biography

Professor Marita McCabe is a highly regarded academic who conducts theoretical and applied research in the areas of body image disorders, aging, depression, sexual health and the mental health and wellbeing of Indigenous people across the lifespan. She has published more than 400 refereed articles in these areas. Professor Marita McCabe is the Team Leader of the Health and Ageing Research Group at Swinburne University of Technology. She has conducted a range of research studies to address depression and behavioural problems associated with dementia among older people. Her research team and postgraduate students have investigated the prevalence of depression among older people in both residential and community care and have developed and evaluated a staff training program to assist them to detect depression among older people. These projects have been supported by research grants from beyondblue and Australian Research Council and National Health and Medical Research Council. Professor McCabe has also led a research team of staff and postgraduate students to implement and evaluate a staff training program to assist them to better manage behavioural problems associated with dementia. This program both reduced the behavioural problems, as well as staff burnout. These projects have been supported by funding from NHMRC, ARC, Alzheimer’s Australia and beyondblue. Most recently, professor McCabe has been conducting research to improve the physical and mental health of family carers of people with dementia in the community, as well as developing training programs for staff to promote resident choice and control (i.e. Consumer Directed Care) in residential aged care facilities. In the last 10 years she has obtained more than $12 million in Category One research funding. She is a Fellow of the Australian Psychological Society (APS) and a member of the Clinical, Health and Forensics Colleges of the APS. She is Associate Editor of Journal of Sexual Medicine and Body Image and on the Editorial Board of the Journal of Sex Research as well as two other Journals.
Miss Jasmine Petersen
Flinders University

A systematic review comparing physical activity mobile applications with and without pre-existing online social networks

2:30 PM - 2:40 PM

Abstract

Background: The recent unprecedented growth in physical activity mobile applications presents an innovative medium to disseminate scalable interventions to increase levels of physical activity. However, the effectiveness of mobile applications has previously been limited by low levels of engagement. The popularity, reach and engagement afforded by pre-existing online social networking platforms (e.g., Facebook, Twitter) provides an opportunity to serve as an adjunct to mobile applications to augment engagement, and ultimately effectiveness.

Aim: The present review aimed to examine the influence of pre-existing online social networks on the effectiveness of, and engagement with, mobile applications that target physical activity. Specifically, to isolate the influence of pre-existing online social networks, this review provided a comparison between interventions that incorporate physical activity mobile applications in conjunction with, and without pre-existing online social networks.

Method: Two independent systematic literature searches were conducted: one incorporated terms related to apps and physical activity; the other also incorporated terms related to online social networking. Both searches were conducted using the following four databases: Medline, PsycInfo, Web of Science, and Scopus. The review included a total of 16 studies, 11 incorporating an app alone, and 5 incorporating an app in conjunction with a pre-existing online social network.

Conclusions: The interventions incorporating physical activity mobile applications in conjunction with pre-existing online social networking demonstrated effectiveness in improving physical activity behaviours, and notably achieved higher levels of engagement than interventions without pre-existing online social networking. This review provides preliminary evidence that pre-existing online social networks may be fundamental in overcoming the previously documented low engagement associated with physical activity mobile applications.

Biography

Completed a Bachelor of Psychological Science (Honours) in 2017 at Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia. Currently, a PhD candidate in the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Psychology), Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia.
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Dr Grant Dewar
Vital Living Psychology

Responding to the adult experience of adverse childhood events through self-forgiveness

2:40 PM - 2:50 PM

Biography

Grant Dewar, a Health Psychologist, was a late starter in the world of psychology gaining his registration at the age of 51 through the Master of Psychology (Health). He has Masters degree in Education and has graduated in 2017 with a PhD and Master of Psychology (Clinical). He implements the scientist-practitioner model of service delivery practice in the delivery of psychological skills to the needs of individuals, families and communities. He has a particular interest in developing new approaches allowing the effective application of psychological skills to real-life settings - one such area is self-forgiveness. He has addressed a series of ACBS world conference workshops and symposia on the work he is doing to join self-forgiveness research with contextual behavioural science. His practice as a Health Psychologist has a focus on: health promotion, treatment of chronic diseases, the treatment of anxiety, depression, and the treatment of alcohol and drug use.

Session Chair

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Allison Clarke
2019 Health Committee


Volunteer

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Meg Feeney
University of Adelaide

Wei Liang Gregory Low
University of Adelaide

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Kate Obst
University of Adelaide

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